In cProjects you can enter planned times as either required capacity for tasks or required capacity for project roles or resources. In order to represent both of these options in costing, you can carry out task-based or role-based costing. This is governed by which controlling method you choose in Customizing. Projects with a task-based controlling method can only show costing results for cProjects tasks. Projects with a role-based controlling method only show costing results for roles. In the case of a task-based controlling method, the roles can only have any influence by means of the assignments to the individual tasks.
Once you staff a project role with a resource, the system transfers the required capacity of the project role and the cost/revenue rate of the resource to calculate the costs for the time frame of the staffing. The cost/revenue rate is specified in the attributes for the business partner role resource. The system uses the cost/revenue rate you assigned in Assignment of Cost/Revenue Rates for the required capacity of the project role not covered by the staffing.
You planned a required capacity of 30 person days for a project role. However, you staffed this project role with a resource for 20 person days. The system calculates 20 person days using the cost/revenue rate of the resource and the 10 unstaffed days with the cost/revenue rate of the project role.
If you want to use a different value for the costs and revenues in a particular project, you can overwrite the cost/revenue rate of the resource by entering a cost rate in the Cost Difference field or a revenue rate in the Revenue Difference field. Reports in SAP NetWeaver Business Intelligence allow you to compare these rates with those that come from the rates specified in Customizing.
The following table shows in detail how costs and revenues for project roles and resources are calculated. The system first checks whether the first strategy can be used. The system only checks the second strategy and so on if the first strategy cannot be used.
Costs/ |
Calculation Strategy per Activity Unit |
Evaluation Date |
Other Information |
Costs for project role |
... 1. Different costs which you entered for the project role 2. Costs per activity unit for the role in Customizing 3. Plan price from cost center accounting |
Fixed or calculated start of role |
|
Revenues for project role |
... 1. Different revenue which you entered for the project role 2. Costs per activity unit for the role in Customizing |
Fixed or calculated start of role |
|
Costs for internal resources |
... 1. Costs per activity unit for the resource in Customizing 2. Plan price for the resource in cost center accounting 3. Different costs which you entered for the project role 4. Costs per activity unit for the role in Customizing 5. Plan price for the role in cost center accounting |
Start of staffing of role with resource or fixed or calculated start of role |
· Internal resources are resources assigned to the SAP business partner role employee. · Strategies three to five are only used if the resource does not have its own cost/revenue rate assigned to it. |
Costs for external resources |
... 1. Costs per activity unit for the resource in Customizing 2. Costs per activity unit for the role in Customizing |
Start of staffing of role with resource or fixed or calculated start of role |
· External resources are resources not assigned to the business partner role employee. · Strategy two is only used if the resource does not have its own cost/revenue rate assigned to it. |
Revenues for internal or external resources |
... 1. Different revenue which you entered for the project role 2. Revenue per activity unit for the resource in Customizing 3. Revenue per activity unit for the role in Customizing |
Start of staffing of role with resource or fixed or calculated start of role |
Strategy three is only used if the resource does not have its own cost/revenue rate assigned to it. |
The cost/revenue rate can also depend on the responsible organizational unit: If you entered a responsible organizational unit for your project (see Creating Additional Data for a Project Definition) and if a special cost/revenue rate exists for it in Customizing for cProjects, costing uses this rate. If you have not defined a special rate, the general rate is used.
If you specified a cost/revenue rate in Customizing for the task type, this cost/revenue rate is used for costing. If a role is assigned to the task, the cost/revenue rate of this role is used. Staffing a role with a resource does not influence costing in task-based controlling.
You planned a required capacity of 30 person days for a task. So far, you have assigned a project role to this task for 20 person days. The system calculates 20 person days using the cost/revenue rate of the project role and the 10 unstaffed days with the cost/revenue rate of the task.
The following table shows in detail how costs and revenues for tasks and project roles are calculated. The system first checks whether the first strategy can be used. The system only checks the second strategy and so on if the first strategy cannot be used.
Costs/ |
Calculation Strategy per Activity Unit |
Evaluation Date |
Other Information |
Costs for task |
4. Different costs which you entered for the task 5. Costs per activity unit for the task in Customizing |
Fixed or calculated start of task |
|
Revenues for task |
6. Different revenue which you entered for the task 7. Costs per activity unit for the task in Customizing |
Fixed or calculated start of task |
|
Costs for roles |
8. Different costs which you entered for the project role 9. Costs per activity unit for the role in Customizing 10. Plan price for the role in cost center accounting 11. Different costs which you entered for the task 12. Costs per activity unit for the task in Customizing |
Start of assignment of task to role |
Strategies four and five are used if the role does not have its own cost/revenue rate assigned to it. |
Revenues for Roles |
13. Different revenue which you entered for the project role 14. Costs per activity unit for the role in Customizing 15. Different revenue which you entered for the task 16. Costs per activity unit for the task in Customizing |
Start of assignment of task to role |
Strategies three and four are used if the role does not have its own cost/revenue rate assigned to it. |