External Asset Acquisitions
Purpose
An external asset acquisition is a business transaction resulting from the acquisition of an asset from a business partner (in contrast to an acquisition from in-house production). You can post the acquisition of a purchased asset in several different ways, using different application components:
· In Asset Accounting (FI-AA) in integration with Accounts Payable (FI-AP), but without reference to a purchase order
· In Asset Accounting, without reference to a purchase order, without integration with Accounts Payable (posting to a clearing account – with or without clearing).
· In Materials Management (MM) at goods receipt or invoice receipt (refer to Processing Asset Acquisitions in Purchasing (FI-AA/MM) and Goods Receipt and Invoice Receipt with Reference to Asset).
Process Flow
Integrated Asset Acquisition Posting
If you are also using Accounts Payable (FI-AP), it is recommended that you take advantage of this integration and post the asset acquisition (without reference to a purchase order) With vendor. This means that you can post the asset acquisition and the corresponding vendor payable in one transaction. Using this transaction reduces the time and energy required for data entry and the possibility of discrepancies.
Graphic: Acquisition Posting Using Integration
Non-Integrated Asset Acquisition Posting
You can post the acquisition of a purchased asset to a clearing account rather than using integrated posting to Accounts Payable. There are two scenarios:
· The asset acquisition comes before the receipt of the invoice. The offsetting entry is posted automatically.
As the acquisition amount, specify the actual net amount to be capitalized. Regardless of the document type (gross/net) which you use, the system does not deduct a discount here.
· The asset acquisition is posted after the receipt of the invoice. You posted the invoice as an open item to a clearing account, and now you need to clear this entry.
If the clearing account used is an open item account, when you post the acquisition, you can manually clear the posting to the clearing account (vendor invoice) at the same time (transfer with clearing). The corresponding transaction allows you to select all open items, per clearing account (account type S for General Ledger account) according to varying criteria.
Cash Discount
When posting an asset acquisition integrated with Accounts Payable, your choice of document type determines whether you post gross (without cash discount deducted) or net (with cash discount deducted).
When you use a document type for net posting, the system determines the cash discount deduction automatically by means of the specified terms of payment, and capitalizes the invoice amount on the fixed asset, minus sales tax and cash discount.
You can activate
document splitting in new General Ledger Accounting. If you do, any difference
that may occur when a payment is made (because to little or too much cash
discount was deducted) is automatically capitalized on the asset. This
automatic correction at the time of the payment is made only if you activated
the setting for document splitting. However, you can also make these APC
adjustments in the General Ledger using collective processing. On the SAP
Easy Access screen, choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → General Ledger → Periodic Processing → Closing → Regroup → Profit and Loss
Adjustment.
Note: This transaction is only available in the menu if you did not
activate document splitting.
When you post an asset acquisition without integration with Accounts Payable, you have to capitalize the actual APC amount (without cash discount being deducted) to the asset. In this case, the cash discount is treated only on the vendor side.
Acquisition with Value Adjustments
You can post gross acquisitions, if you want to post assets that not only have APC, but also have value adjustments already. In order to use this option, set the gross acquisition indicator in the transaction type you use. The system then permits you to enter APC and accompanying value adjustments when you post the acquisition using the transaction under Postings → Miscellaneous.