Goods Receipt and Invoice Receipt with
Reference to Asset
Purpose
You can post the goods receipt and the invoice receipt for an ordered asset with reference to the purchase order.
Acquisition Posted in Purchasing
Process Flow
There are several ways of posting this type of business transaction:
· Valuated goods receipt, before the invoice receipt
The system capitalizes the asset, creates line items, and updates the value fields of the asset. When you post the invoice, if there are differences between the amount posted and the amount of the invoice, the system automatically corrects the APC amount on the asset. The differences are categorized as follows:
¡ Acquisition or credit memo
¡ Current-year acquisition
¡ Prior-year acquisition (for processes that span several years)
· Non-valuated goods receipt, before the invoice receipt
In this case, the system does not create line items and update values until the invoice is received. The system also carries out capitalization at the time of the invoice receipt. The system, however, uses the date of the goods receipt as the capitalization date.
· Invoice receipt before the valuated goods receipt
In this case, the goods receipt only, and not the invoice receipt, triggers the update of the values on the fixed asset. If the invoice amount differs from the price on the order, the difference is posted to the asset by the goods receipt.
· Invoice receipt before the non-valuated goods receipt
The system capitalizes the asset, creates line items, and updates the value fields.
Setting Valuated or Non-Valuated Goods Receipt
You determine whether the goods receipt is valuated or non-valuated by means of the account assignment category (A = asset). In Customizing for Materials Management, choose Purchasing → Account Assignment → Maintain Account Assignment Categories. You can also maintain the control indicator in the detail screen of the purchase order item.
It makes sense to post the goods receipt valuated, since the date of the goods receipt usually determines the moment the asset belongs to the fixed assets of the enterprise.
Accounts
When you post a valuated goods receipt, the system posts a debit to the asset and a credit to the ‘Goods receipt/invoice receipt’ clearing account. You have to enter this clearing account in Customizing. In Customizing for Materials Management, choose Valuation and Account Assignment → Account Determination → Account Determination Without Wizard → Configure Automatic Postings. This account is cleared when the invoice receipt is posted.
When you post an non-valuated goods receipt, the system makes an integrated posting at invoice receipt (debit to asset and credit to vendor). The system does not create any accounting document at the time of the goods receipt in this case, only an MM document.
Cash Discount
During the payment run, differences may arise between the amount paid and the capitalization amount, because too little or too much cash discount was deducted. In this case, you follow the same procedure as for an integrated acquisition posting, and make adjustments to APC using collective processing in General Ledger Accounting. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → General Ledger → Periodic Processing → Closing → Reclassify → Profit and Loss Adjustment.
Procedures