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In SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), you can perform forwarding settlement with your ordering parties by creating a forwarding settlement document (FWSD) and sending it to SAP ERP for posting to financials.

Prerequisites

  • Agreements

    You have the option of specifying the settlement basis at the agreement item level, where the system uses execution data as the basis to perform invoicing. By default, the system uses the settlement basis at forwarding order level.

  • Types of FWSD and number range intervals

    In Customizing, you have defined types of FWSD as well as default types and number range intervals. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Settlement   Forwarding Settlement  .

  • SAP ERP settings

    If you use SAP ERP, in Customizing you have made the following settings:

    • Defined category and subcategory codes

    • Defined and assigned transportation charge types

    • Mapped organizational units

    For more information, in SAP ERP see Customizing for Integration with Other SAP Components under   Transportation Management   Invoice Integration   Billing  .

  • Process controller

    In Customizing, you must set up the process controller for settlement documents. For example, if you want to use a strategy to create or preprocess FWSDs differently than the standard way, you can define your own strategy using the process controller and assign it to a specific service. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Settlement   Configure Process Controller for Settlement  .

  • Define default agreement party roles for stages

    You have specified the agreement party role for a stage type and Incoterm combination. When you specify an Incoterm in a forwarding order (FWO), the system uses the agreement party role to identify the default agreement party for a stage. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Forwarding Order Management   Define Default Agreement Party Roles for Stages  .

  • Master data for Charge Management

    You have set up the master data in the Charge Management component. The system automatically calculates the transportation charges based on this master data. For more information, see Charge Calculation.

  • Business partner determination

    You have the option of specifying a business partner determination profile, to enable the system to automatically assign business partners to the settlement document. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Master Data   Business Partners   Define Partner Determination Profiles  .

    Note Note

    The system includes the bill-to party, ordering party, and payer in the settlement document by default. The system does not transfer business partners other than the bill-to party and the payer to SAP ERP, even if you enable additional parties in SAP ERP.

    End of the note.

  • Forwarding order

    The system contains one or more forwarding orders (FWOs).

Process

  1. You create the FWSD.

    You can create an individual FWSD for one FWO or a collective FWSD for multiple FWOs. You can review the FWOs from your personal worklist or in the Forwarding Order Management Overview or Forwarding Settlement Overview. The system automatically creates the FWSD based on the data in the FWOs and calculates the transportation charges.

    You can also create settlement documents for a shipper’s consolidation. For more information, see Shipper's Consolidation Settlement.

    The system uses certain criteria to divide settlements when you choose to create a collective settlement document. This can result in the system creating more than one settlement. For more information, see Split Criteria in Settlement Document Creation.

    You can also create settlements for groups of charge types, charge categories, and charge subcategories from a forwarding order. You can apply different settlement creation criteria to the different groups. You can define the factory calendar for the billing schedule you want the system to use for a group of charges in a settlement group. This gives you control over when you create settlements for different charges. For more information, see Flexible Creation of Forwarding Settlements.

    Note Note

    You can create multiple forwarding settlement documents using the Mass Creation of Forwarding Settlement Documents function. To access the function, in SAP NetWeaver Business Client choose   Application Administration   Background Reports   Create Forwarding Settlement Documents  . For more information, see Creation and Transfer of Forwarding Settlement Documents.

    End of the note.

  2. You review the FWSD details.

    You can preview the invoice as it would appear in the SAP ERP system. The preview contains information from the FWSD and tax information from SAP ERP.

    You can use the preview for FWSDs that are at all life cycle statuses except the following:

    • Transferred for Invoicing in SAP ERP

    • Cancellation Requested in SAP ERP

    • Canceled

    The consistency status of the document must also be Consistent. When you preview an invoice, the system does not permanently store any data.

    Note Note

    You can overwrite the address of the business partner that the system has automatically determined. For example, if you need to send an invoice to a bill-to party at another address instead of the regular address, you can change the address of the bill-to party on the Business Partner tab page of the FWSD. When you transfer the settlement, SAP ERP updates only the deviating address of the bill-to party in the SD billing document. For more information, see Creation of a Forwarding Order.

    End of the note.

  3. You transfer the data to SAP ERP.

    You choose the Save and Transfer pushbutton to send the FWSD to billing in SAP ERP. You cannot change the FWSD until you have received a confirmation from SAP ERP.

    In SAP TM, you can have multiple charge types in a charge item. As standard, SAP ERP creates a billing item for a charge item, and applies tax to the billing item. If you need the flexibility to apply tax to individual charge types in a charge item, you must specify the settings in the following Customizing activities in Customizing for Transportation Management under   Settlement   Tax  :

    • Define Tax for Countries

      You can define the countries in which you apply tax.

    • Define Tax for Charges

      You can define tax settings for the charge categories, charge subcategories, and charge types that you use in a country. You can use charge categories and charge subcategories to specify tax settings for a group of charge types in one step. This avoids the need to specify tax settings for a large number of individual charge types.

  4. SAP ERP confirms the invoice creation.

    If SAP ERP created the invoice, you receive a confirmation from SAP ERP. The confirmation is displayed with the appropriate status. The life cycle status changes to Invoiced in SAP ERP.

    If SAP ERP did not create the invoice, the confirmation status shows that invoicing failed. You need to manually check why the invoice was not created.

Note Note

You can request that the FWSD is canceled at any time, even if its life cycle status is Invoiced in SAP ERP. After you request cancellation and transfer the FWSD to SAP ERP, SAP ERP automatically cancels the invoice. If the invoice is canceled, the FWSD has the life cycle status Canceled. If the invoice cannot be canceled, it is displayed with the confirmation status Cancellation Failed in SAP ERP. The FWSD cannot then be canceled.

You can create an FWSD for a canceled FWO to recover any costs you incurred in processing the order before cancellation. You must manually add the charges to the FWSD that is associated with the cancellation.

If you trigger the creation of an FWSD for an FWO that is a part of a buyer’s consolidation, the system takes the following steps:

  • Determines all the FWOs that are in the container item of the buyer’s consolidation

  • Creates one FWSD for the all the FWOs in the container item instead of individual FWSDs for each of the FWOs

If you trigger the creation of an FWSD for an FWO that has an execution-based settlement basis, the system creates one FWSD for all the FWOs that are part of the relevant execution document for one customer. It bases the settlement on the execution document instead of the individual FWOs.

For a settlement basis of trailer unit, the execution document is the trailer unit. For a settlement basis of route-based, the execution document is a freight order.

End of the note.

More Information

Subject

See

Create a buyer’s consolidation

Buyer's Consolidation

Create execution-based FWSDs

Execution-Based Settlement

Determine business partners automatically

Business Partner Determination

Create, edit, and display a trailer unit

Creating and Editing Trailer Units

Create an invoice in SAP ERP

SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp under SAP Central Component. Select an SAP enhancement package for SAP ERP 6.0. In SAP Library, choose   SAP ERP Central Component   Logistics   Logistics - General (LO)   Integration of SAP ERP with SAP Transportation Management  .