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In SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), you can perform freight settlement with your suppliers or carriers by creating a freight settlement document (FSD) and sending it to SAP ERP. SAP ERP uses the FSD to create a purchase order and a service entry sheet (SES). The SES is the basis for invoice verification in SAP ERP.

Prerequisites

  • Types of FSD and number range intervals

    In Customizing, you have defined FSD types as well as default types and number range intervals. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Settlement   Freight Settlement  .

  • SAP ERP settings

    If you use SAP ERP, you have created a service master record to assign to transportation charge types. For more information, see SAP Library for SAP ERP on SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp under SAP Central Component. Select an SAP enhancement package for SAP ERP 6.0. In SAP Library, choose   SAP ERP Central Component   Logistics   Materials Management (MM)   External Services Management (MM-SRV)   Master Records from the ESM View   Service Master Record  .

    In Customizing, you have also made the following settings:

    • Defined category and subcategory codes

    • Defined and assigned transportation charge types

    • Mapped organizational units

    For more information, in SAP ERP see Customizing for Integration with Other SAP Components under   Transportation Management   Invoice Integration   Invoicing  .

  • Process controller

    In Customizing, you have set up the process controller to use with settlement documents. For example, if you want to use a strategy to create or preprocess FSDs differently than the standard way, you can define your own strategy using the process controller and assign it to a specific service. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Settlement   Configure Process Controller for Settlement  .

  • Master data for charge management

    You have set up the master data in the Charge Management component. The system automatically calculates the transportation charges based on this master data. For more information, see Charge Calculation.

  • Business partner determination

    You have the option of specifying a business partner determination profile, to enable the system to automatically assign business partners to the settlement document. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under   Master Data   Business Partners   Define Partner Determination Profiles  .

    Note Note

    The system includes the invoicing party, carrier, and payee in the settlement document by default. The system does not transfer business partners other than the invoicing party and the payee to SAP ERP, even if you enable additional parties in SAP ERP.

    End of the note.

  • Business document

    The system contains one or more freight orders, service orders, or freight bookings.

Process

  1. You create the FSD.

    You can create an individual FSD for one freight order, service order, or freight booking, or a collective FSD for multiple freight orders, service orders, or freight bookings. You can access the freight orders, service orders, or freight bookings from your personal worklist, in the relevant document overview, or in the Freight Settlement Overview. The system automatically creates the FSD on the basis of the data in the freight orders, service orders, or freight bookings and calculates the transportation charges.

    If you have an existing freight order or freight booking that contains one or more additional agreement parties, the system creates an FSD for each of the additional agreement parties. For more information, see Additional Agreement Parties.

    You can create FSDs for individual stages in freight orders that contain non-linear stages. This means you can create an FSD for each pairing of a source location and destination location. For more information, see Freight Orders with Non-Linear Stages.

    The system uses certain criteria to divide settlements when you choose to create a collective settlement document. This can result in the system creating more than one settlement. For more information, see Split Criteria in Settlement Document Creation.

    Note Note

    You can create multiple freight settlement documents using the Mass Creation of Freight Settlement Documents report. To access the report, in SAP NetWeaver Business Client choose   Freight Settlement   Background Reports   Create Freight Settlement Documents  . For more information, see Background Processing: Mass Creation and Transfer of FSDs.

    End of the note.

  2. You review the FSD details for consistency.

    You can review the FSD details to check they are accurate, and you can update some of the data as needed. After you save any changes you make, you can check the FSD’s consistency. If the automatic consistency check is successful, the system changes the consistency status of the FSD to Consistent and the life cycle status of the FSD to Ready for Accruals.

  3. You transfer the FSD to SAP ERP to post accruals.

    You choose the Save and Transfer pushbutton to send the FSD to SAP ERP. The accruals are posted and SAP ERP creates a purchase order and a service entry sheet (SES). The SES serves as the basis for invoice verification in SAP ERP.

    Once you transfer the FSD to SAP ERP, you cannot change the FSD until you have received a confirmation from SAP ERP.

  4. SAP ERP confirms the accrual creation.

    If SAP ERP creates the accruals, SAP TM displays a confirmation message from SAP ERP, and the FSD status is updated to Accruals Posted.

    If SAP ERP did not create the accruals, the life cycle status of the FSD reverts to Ready for Accruals.

    If SAP ERP did not create the accruals and there were errors that it communicated back to SAP TM, the life cycle status of the FSD changes back to In Process and the confirmation status changes to Accruals Failed.

  5. SAP ERP verifies the expected invoice against the actual invoice.

    The expected invoice is based on the SES. If SAP ERP successfully verifies the actual invoice against the expected invoice, SAP ERP notifies SAP TM by updating the FSD with the invoice ID and actual amounts. SAP TM updates the life cycle status of the FSD to Invoice verified in SAP ERP.

    If you perform evaluated receipt settlement, the automatically generated invoice is based on the data from the FSD.

Note Note

You can request that the FSD is canceled at any time. If you do this, SAP ERP automatically cancels the accruals. When the accruals are canceled, the FSD has the status Canceled. If SAP ERP cannot cancel the accruals, you cannot cancel the FSD.

You cannot cancel the FSD when the invoice verification is posted against the FSD in SAP ERP and the FSD has a life cycle status of Invoice verified in ERP.

End of the note.

More Information

Business Partner Determination

Buyer's Consolidation

For information about invoice integration with SAP ERP, see SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp under SAP Central Component. Select an SAP enhancement package for SAP ERP 6.0. In SAP Library, choose   SAP ERP Central Component   Logistics   Logistics — General (LO)   Integration of SAP ERP with SAP Transportation Management  .

For information about invoice verification in SAP ERP, see SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp under SAP Central Component. Select an SAP enhancement package for SAP ERP 6.0. In SAP Library, choose   SAP ERP Central Component   Logistics   Materials Management (MM)   Logistics Invoice Verification (MM-IV)  .