Cost Distribution for LSPs 
As a logistics service provider (LSP), the customer contacts you for a transportation and you create a forwarding order in SAP TM.
For example, in a freight order, you have two forwarding orders, with two containers in each order. Each container has two products. You distribute costs by gross weight. You must perform cost distribution at the level of Forwarding Order in the freight settlement document. The system distributes costs in the freight order and freight settlement document at the forwarding order level, as follows:
Net amount in document currency of USD 1000 (USD 700 for base freight and USD 300 for haulage charges)
Forwarding order 1 of USD 700 (USD 500 for base freight and USD 200 for haulage)
Forwarding order 2 of USD 300 (USD 200 for base freight and USD 100 for haulage)
You have the following business scenario:
Forwarding order 1 and forwarding order 2 belong to different sales organizations.
A separate internal organization performs the following tasks:
Executes the freight order or freight booking
Pays the execution costs
The purchasing organization that executes the freight order or freight booking and pays the freight cost can use the distributed costs above to perform an internal settlement with the sales organizations in each of the forwarding orders. You can achieve this by specifying the prerequisites below. The purchasing organization in the freight order or freight booking bills the sales organization in forwarding order 1 for USD 700 and the sales organization in forwarding order 2 for USD 300.
Integration
The system uses the internal agreement and internal settlement document to enable you to integrate with SAP ERP. Cost distribution is also an important prerequisite for analyzing profitability in a forwarding order (see Profitability Analysis).
Prerequisites
You have performed the following tasks:
Enabled the freight order or freight booking for cost distribution in Customizing for Transportation Management under
Freight Order Management 
Freight Order Define
Freight Order Types and Freight Order Management Freight Booking Define Freight Booking Types 
.Calculated charges in the freight order or freight booking
Specified an internal agreement between the purchasing organization of the freight order or freight booking and the business partner of the sales organizations in the forwarding orders. To create an internal agreement, in SAP NetWeaver Business Client choose
Master
Data Charge Management and Service Product Catalogs Internal Agreements .
Note
You must specify the purchasing organization of the freight order or freight booking as a forwarding house in the organization structure.
For charge management, you have the following options:
Specify a calculation sheet in which you have assigned a calculation method type of Internal Charge Calculation to a charge type. For example, you can use this calculation method to calculate costs and settlements between the purchasing organization in the freight order or freight booking, and the sales organizations in the forwarding orders. The system uses the distributed costs as a basis for the calculation.
Alternatively, you can use calculation sheets with charge types that are linked to internal rate tables. You can use the rate tables for internal settlements. In this case, you do not need cost distribution to calculate internal settlements.
Note
When you use a calculation sheet in which you have assigned a calculation method type of Internal Charge Calculation to a charge type, the system aggregates the distributed amount across all the charge types included in the cost distribution.
For example, in the internal settlement document the purchasing organization sends to the sales organization in forwarding order 1, the system includes just one charge type for an aggregated amount of USD 700. The system does not include the underlying charge type split of USD 500 for base freight and USD 200 for haulage.
You have specified all the relevant internal settlement document prerequisites (see Internal Settlement Management).
More Information
Subject |
See |
|---|---|
Create and change agreements |
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Create and change calculation sheets |
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Calculate transportation charges according to a specific logic |
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Manage internal settlements |
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Manage cost distribution |
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Analyze profit |
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Create an invoice in SAP ERP |
See SAP Library for SAP ERP on SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp. In SAP Library, choose |