Loading Hierarchies
Use
You can load hierarchies from different source systems:
● From an SAP system
Since the metadata is already delivered, you can directly load the standard hierarchies from an SAP system.
● From an external system (BAPI, file)
If you want to load hierarchies from an external system, you have to first maintain the metadata for this hierarchy.
Furthermore, you can load hierarchies using the data mart interface from another BI system. See Hierarchies and Using the Data Mart Interface.
Prerequisites
● In InfoObject maintenance, the indicator With Hierarchies is set for the hierarchy basic characteristic. This means that the characteristic can have hierarchies.
● If you load a hierarchy, you must have selected the permitted characteristics in the InfoObject maintenance. See Tab Page: Hierarchy in the InfoObject maintenance.
● To load hierarchies from external systems, you have to edit the metadata in the transfer structure maintenance. See Uploading Hierarchies from Flat Files.
Procedure
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1. In the Data Warehousing Workbench under Modeling, select the InfoSource tree.
2. Select the InfoSource (with direct update) for the InfoObject, to which you want to load the hierarchy.
3. Choose Additional Functions→ Create Transfer Rules from the context menu of the hierarchy table object for the InfoObject. The Assign Source System dialog box appears.
4. Select the source system from which the hierarchy is to be loaded. The InfoSource maintenance screen appears.
○ If the DataSource only supports the transfer method IDoc, then only the transfer structure is displayed (tab page DataSource/Transfer Structure).
○ If the DataSource also supports transfer method PSA, you can maintain the transfer rules (tab page Transfer Rules).
If it is possible and useful, we recommend that you use the transfer method PSA and set the indicator Expand Leaf Values and Node InfoObjects. You can then also load hierarchies with characteristics whose node name has a length >32.
5. Save your entries and go back. The InfoSource tree for the Data Warehousing Workbench is displayed.
6. Choose Create InfoPackage from the context menu (see Maintaining InfoPackages). The Create InfoPackage dialog box appears.
7. Enter the description for the InfoPackage. Select the DataSource (data element Hierarchies) that you require and confirm your entries.
8. On the Tab Page: Hierarchy Selection, select the hierarchy that you want to load into your BI system.
Specify if the hierarchy should be automatically activated after loading or be marked for activation.
Select an update method (Full Update, Insert Subtree, Update Subtree).
More information: Loading Data as Subtrees
If you want to load a hierarchy from an external system with BAPI functionality, make BAPI-specific restrictions, if necessary.
9. If you want to load a hierarchy from a flat file, maintain the tab page: external data.
10. Maintain the tab page: processing.
11. Maintain the tab page: updating.
12. To schedule the InfoPackage, you have the following options:
○ (Manually) in the scheduler, see Scheduling InfoPackages
○ (Automatically) using a process chain (see Loading Hierarchies Using a Process Chain)
When you upload hierarchies, the system carries out a consistency check, making sure that the hierarchy structure is correct. Error messages are logged in the Monitor. You can get technical details about the error and how to correct it in the long text for the respective message.
Result
The hierarchy structure and the node texts or intervals are loaded. The structure information and the hierarchy texts are stored in the BI system. You can edit the hierarchy.
In order to be able to use the hierarchy in reporting, the hierarchy has to be activated. If you have not selected the indicator for Loading Hierarchy…and Note for Activation or Activate in the InfoPackage, you can activate the hierarchy later (see Editing Hierarchies).
If there are aggregates for a hierarchy and the hierarchy is marked for activation, it is activated after the next change run.