Operators and Functions

There is a series of mathematical functions and operators available to you for calculating key figures.

Features

Operators

Mathematical Operator	Meaning
+ or -	Used as a sign (single-figure operators)
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
DIV	Whole number division
MOD	Modulo operation
**	Raise to a power

Relational Operator	Meaning
>	Greater than
<	Lesser than
>=	Greater than or equal to
<=	Less than or equal to
=	Equal to
<>	Not equal to

Relational operators are used for conditional statements (see Conditional Statements).

Logical Operator	Meaning
AND	And
OR	Or
NOT	Not

Functions

Functions can work either without, with one, or with multiple operands If no special operators are specified, you can also specify constants along side the valid operators.

Note Note

All functions return a simple score, no time series. In the case of a depreciation it would be preferable to get a time series with the depreciations. To achieve this, you must complete a formula for each time period.

End of the note.

Functions with one operand

Function	Meaning
CEIL	Smallest whole value that is not smaller than x
FLOOR	Greatest whole value that is not greater than x
TRUNC	Whole figure part of x
FRAC	Decimal part of x
ABS	Amount (fixed value) \|x\| of x
SIGN	Sign of x
ACOS	Arc cosinus (x) in area [-pi/2, pi/2], x from [-1, 1]
ASIN	Arc sinus (x) in area [0, pi], x from [-1, 1]
ATAN	Arc tangent (x) in area [-pi/2, pi/2] (pi = 3.1415926535897932)
COS	Cosine of an angle specified in radian measure.
SIN	Sinus of an angle specified in radian measure.
TAN	Tan of an angle specified in radian measure.
COSH	Hyperbolic cosine
SINH	Hyperbolic sine
TANH	Hyperbolic tan
EXP	Exponential function for basis e = 2.7182818284590452
LOG	Natural logarithm (that is, for basis e)
LOG10	Logarithm from x to basis 10, x > 0
SQRT	Square root of a non-negative figure
STRLEN	Length of a string
VARV	Variable value (argument = variable name)
VARC	Number of values of a variable (argument = variable names)

Functions with two operands

Function	Meaning	Operand1; Operand2
MAX	Maximum
MIN	Minimum
ATRV	Read attribute	Attribute type; Variable
TMVL	Read time characteristic	Value; Offset
PERP	Perpetual bond	Key figure; Interest rate The unit for the Interest Rate operand is percent (10% is represented as 10, not as 0.1)
C2DATE	Determine date	Time characteristic: 'S'tart/'E'nd value Enter S or E for the start or end value of a period
CONCAT	Concatenate operands	<Operand1>; <Operand2>
VARI	N-th variable value	Variable, index
ROUND	Rounding	Key figure; Decimal places

Note Note

The PERP function calculates the perpetual annuity from a capital according to the following formula: Result = Key figure value * ( interest rate / 100 )

End of the note.

Functions with three operands

Function	Meaning	Operand1; ... ; Operand3
DISC	Discounting Formula for discounting an entry: Result = Key Figure Value / ((1 + Interest Rate / 100) ** Years)	Key figure; Interest rate; Years
DECD	Declining-Balance Depreciation This functions calculates according to the following algorithm: "Execute [number of years]: Intermediate value = Intermediate value + (start value - intermediate value) * Percentage / 100" Result = start value - intermediate value	Start value; Percentage; Years;
ATRVT	Read Time-dependent attribute	Attribute type; Variable; Date
SUBSTR	Read substring	Variable; Offset; Length
REPLACE	Replace character	Source string; Pattern; Replacement

Functions with Four Operands

Function	Meaning	Operand1; ... ; Operand4
DECL	Straight-line depreciation Straight-line depreciation is calculated with the formula Result = Start value - ((start value - net book value) * Percentage / 100 * Years).	Start value; Net book value; Percentage; Years; Format for operand Percentage: 10% as 10, not as 0.1

Function

Meaning

Operand1; ... ; Operand4

DECL

Straight-line depreciation

Straight-line depreciation is calculated with the formula Result = Start value - ((start value - net book value) * Percentage / 100 * Years).

Start value; Net book value; Percentage; Years;

Format for operand Percentage: 10% as 10, not as 0.1

Functions with five operands

Function	Meaning	Operand1; ... ; Operand5
CURC	Currency conversion	Amount; Date; Exchange rate; Source currency; Target currency

Note Note

Nine decimal places are taken into account for the conversion. This means that small rounding differences can occur for floating point-type key figures.

End of the note.

Functions without operands

Function	Meaning
OBJV	Read characteristic value