Operators and Functions
Use
There is a series of mathematical functions and operators available to you for calculating key figures.
Features
Operators
Mathematical Operator |
Meaning |
+ or - |
Used as a sign (single-figure operators) |
+ |
Addition |
- |
Subtraction |
* |
Multiplication |
/ |
Division |
DIV |
Whole number division |
MOD |
Modulo operation |
** |
Raise to a power |
Relational Operator |
Meaning |
> |
Greater than |
< |
Lesser than |
>= |
Greater than or equal to |
<= |
Less than or equal to |
= |
Equal to |
<> |
Not equal to |
Relational operators are used for Conditional Statements.
Logical Operator |
Meaning |
AND |
And |
OR |
Or |
NOT |
Not |
Functions
Functions can work either without, with one, or with multiple operands If no special operators are specified, you can also specify constants along side the valid operators.
All functions return a simple score, no time series. In the case of a depreciation it would be preferable to get a time series with the depreciations. To achieve this, you must complete a formula for each time period.
Functions with One Operand
Function |
Meaning |
CEIL |
Smallest whole value that is not smaller than x |
FLOOR |
Greatest whole value that is not greater than x |
TRUNC |
Whole figure part of x |
FRAC |
Decimal part of x |
ABS |
Amount (fixed value) |x| of x |
SIGN |
Sign of x |
ACOS |
Arc cosinus (x) in area [-pi/2, pi/2], x from [-1, 1] |
ASIN |
Arc sinus (x) in area [0, pi], x from [-1, 1] |
ATAN |
Arc tangent (x) in area [-pi/2, pi/2] (pi = 3.1415926535897932) |
COS |
Cosine of an angle specified in radian measure. |
SIN |
Sinus of an angle specified in radian measure. |
TAN |
Tan of an angle specified in radian measure. |
COSH |
Hyperbolic cosine |
SINH |
Hyperbolic sine |
TANH |
Hyperbolic tan |
EXP |
Exponential function for basis e = 2.7182818284590452 |
LOG |
Natural logarithm (that is, for basis e) |
LOG10 |
Logarithm from x to basis 10, x > 0 |
SQRT |
Square root of a non-negative figure |
STRLEN |
Length of a string |
VARV |
Variable value (argument = variable name) |
VARC |
Number of values of a variable (argument = variable names) |
Functions with Two Operands
Function |
Meaning |
Operand1; Operand2 |
MAX |
Maximum |
|
MIN |
Minimum |
|
ATRV |
Read attribute |
Attribute type; Variable |
TMVL |
Read time characteristic |
Value; Offset |
PERP |
Perpetual bond |
Key figure; Interest rate Unit for Interest Rate operand is percent (10% is represented as 10, no 0.1) |
C2DATE |
Determine date |
Time characteristic: 'S'tart/'E'nd value Enter S or E for the start or end value of a period |
CONCAT |
Concatenate operands |
<Operand1>; <Operand2> |
VARI |
N-th variable value |
Variable, index |
ROUND |
Rounding |
Key figure; Decimal places |
The PERP function calculates th perpetual bond (from a capital fund) according to the following formula: Result = Key figure value * (Interest rate / 100)
Functions with Three Operands
Function |
Meaning |
Operand1; … ; Operand3 |
DISC |
Discounting Formula for discounting an entry: Result = Key Figure Value / ((1 + Interest Rate / 100) ** Years) |
Key figure; Interest rate; Years |
DECD |
Declining-Balance Depreciation This functions calculates according to the following algorithm: ... 1. "Execute [years]: Intermediate value = Intermediate value + (start value - intermediate value) * Percentage / 100" 2. Result = Start value - Intermediate value |
Start value; Percentage; Years; |
ATRVT |
Read Time-dependent attribute |
Attribute type; Variable; Date |
SUBSTR |
Read substring |
Variable; Offset; Length |
REPLACE |
Replace character |
Source string; Pattern; Replacement |
Functions with Four Operands
Function |
Meaning |
Operand1, … , Operand4 |
DECL |
Straight-line depreciation Calculating a straight-line depreciation happens with the formula: Result = Start value - ((start value - net book value) * Percentage / 100 * Years). |
Start value; Net book value; Percentage; Years; Format for operand Percentage: 10% as 10, not 0.1 |
Functions with Five Operands
Function |
Meaning |
Operand1, … , Operand5 |
CURC |
Currency conversion |
Amount; Date; Exchange rate; Source currency; Target currency |
Nine decimal places are taken into account for the conversion. This means that small rounding differences can occur for floating point-type key figures.
Functions without an Operand
Function |
Meaning |
OBJV |
Read characteristic value |