FROM Clause 

The FROM clause is used to construct a result table from a database table or from a join of database tables.

Syntax

<from clause> ::= FROM <table specification>                              ( ',' <table specification> )*.   <table specification> ::= <table reference>                                        | <joined table>.

 

The result of a <from clause> is the extended Cartesian product (ECP) of the <table specification>s in the <from clause>. The ECP of two <table specification>s (A, B) is constructed as follows:

Every row from A is concatenated with every row from B. The cardinality of ECP is the product of the cardinalities of A and B, the degree of ECP is the sum of the degrees of A and B.

Example

Table A:

column1	column2
1	a
2	a

 

Table B:

column1	column2
1	b
2	b

 

ECP:

A.column1	A.column2	B.column1	B.column2
1	A	1	B
1	A	2	B
2	A	1	B
2	A	2	B

 

If only one <table specification> is specified the result of the <from clause> is this <table specification>.

Example

SELECT employee_name, manager_name     FROM employees AS e, managers AS m     WHERE e.manager_id = m.manager_id

The FROM Clause.  This query produces a list of all employees that have a manager along with their respective managers. Here, the FROM clause contains a list of two table references, each having a table alias.