Calculating Overheads 
Use
You can allocate overheads using percentage-based or quantity-based overhead rates for plan or actual data; alternatively you can use commitments data.
Course Prerequisites
To make an overhead costing , you need to define control data during customizing and include this in a costing sheet .
Features
You can calculate overhead for single or multiple objects. Collective processing is based on selection variants that are individually definable.
You can start overhead costing for test and forecast purposes without updating the overhead calculation. The system then calculates the overhead, without you having to update the object (such as, internal order, cost center, business process). This enables you to identify and correct any errors before the actual calculation (such as, an invalid overhead costing sheet in the master data, or missing percentage rates).
You can run overhead costing online or in the background without a display.
The following reports are also available for overhead calculation:
RKAZCO43: Overhead: Manufacturing orders and Product cost collectors
RKAZKKPJ: Cost object hierarchy, general cost objects
RKAZVA44: Actual overhead: Sales orders
RKAZKSI4: Actual overhead: Cost Centers Including Activity types
RKAZCPZI: Actual overhead: Business processes
RKAZKGI4: Actual overhead: Internal and maintenance orders
RKAZCJ45: Actual overhead: Projects/WBS elements/Networks
RKAZKSP4: Planned overhead: Cost centers including activity types
RKAZCPZP: Planned overhead: Business processes
RKAZKGP4: Planned overhead: Internal and maintenance orders
RKAZCJ47: Planned overhead: Projects/WBS elements/Networks
RKAZKSO9: Commitment overhead: Cost centers including activity types
RKAZKGO4: Commitment overhead: Internal and maintenance orders
RKAZCJO9: Commitment overhead: Projects/WBS elements/Networks
You can use the dialog display to check the overheads that the system calculates based on the costing sheet.
You can create an overhead costing as often as required for each period. If any of the object values (for example, internal order, cost center, business process), or overhead costing values change themselves, the system updates the difference (can be a positive or a negative value).
Date Determination
The system determines the date during overhead costing as follows:
Posting date :
Plan processing of line items : First day of the period
Actual processing : Last day of the periodYou can enter a posting date for overhead calculation. However, the posting date must be within the period for which you are calculating the overhead.To enter the posting date, choose Accounting → Controlling → Internal orders → Period-End Closing → Single functions → Overhead rates → Actuals - individual processing → Extras → Posting date .
Commitments : The system does not write any line items
Document date :
Today’s date
Overhead calculation :
With posting date
Currency translation :
Actual: With the entered value date, otherwise posting date
Planning data: With the entered value date, otherwise with the value entered in the version for planning data in Customizing under Controlling → Internal Orders → Planning → Basic Settings → Maintain Versions → Maintain Settings of Version in Controlling Area → Settings by Fiscal Year → Details → Tab Page: Planning → Currency translation .
Results List and Error Log
The system displays the results of the overhead calculation in a list for all objects, for which it has determined values. This list contains the following information:
Basic list with information on current processing and number of objects processed.
Detailed list with the amounts for each sender and receiver when you enter the credit cost element. If you already performed the overhead costing for the given period, the system only displays variances from the overhead already costed.
Period drilldown in the planning data, should the overhead costing or simulation occur over several periods.
If errors occur during processing, the system refers you to an error log that contains an error listing.
You can print both the results list and the error log.
Activities
Enter the costing sheet required for overhead costing in your object (such as a cost center, business process, internal order, project or costing reference object).
To calculate the overhead rates, choose Accounting → Controlling → Internal orders → Period-End Closing → Single Functions → Overhead Rates → Actuals - Individual Processing.
To run the overhead calculation in the background without a display, select Background processing .
To simulate the overhead calculation, choose Test run.
To check overhead calculations using the costing sheet, select Dialog display.
Caution
The dialog display always shows the current data from the database, even if the system updated them already. The Detail list shows whether the data were updated already.
The Detail list only displays differences to the overheads already updated.If the overhead is already updated, the Dialog display shows the results of the overhead calculation, and the Detail list is empty. No dialog display is issued for a reversal.
To create a worklist for objects that do not have overhead applied to them, select Worklist (in Collective processing).
Note
If the credit object is an internal order, you need to deactivate the partner update and avoid settling the credit orders, as this enables you to avoid performance problems
The system will only contain plan overheads for projects and WBS elements in individual or collective processing for one more fiscal year only. If the overhead is to be applied for more than one fiscal year, you need to calculate overhead separately for each fiscal year. This is the only way that you can guarantee an update to the profit center and the special purpose ledger. You do not need to enter a To-fiscal year.