Accounting principles (FI)
In SAP Financial Accounting, accounting is a combination of G/L accounting and subledger accounting.
General ledger
The general ledger contains the total of all G/L accounts. You create the balance sheet as well as the profit and loss statement on the basis of the general ledger. Receivables, payables, output tax and input tax are posted to the general ledger.
Subsidiary ledgers
A G/L account (= reconciliation account) consists of subsidiary ledgers. Each posting to a subledger account (=reconciliation account) causes an automatic balance change in a G/L account.
Rental accounting
The following overview graphics show you the posting functions in rental accounting:
Lease out
Receivables are posted to the master tenant using the debit position.
Overview Graphic: Posting Debit Position for Lease out
Rents due at the start/end of the period and expected revenue from sales-based lease outs are posted using the accrual/deferral function:
Special general ledger down payments
Advance payments for operating costs and heating expenses belong to the subledger accounts. However, as these costs need to be entered correctly in the general ledger, they are not posted to the customer/vendor master record on the reconciliation account but to other reconciliation accounts.
To avoid this problem, you can use special posting keys that override the reconciliation accounts (general ledger) and update these postings to special G/L accounts.
Service charge settlement
Overview Graphic: Posting Procedures of the Service Charge Settlement