Cost objects in the SAP system that are not represented by the objects of other applications are represented by general cost objects. Examples of cost objects that are represented by objects of other applications are production orders, sales orders, and projects.
Cost Object Controlling allows you to:
Calculate planned costs and actual costs
Transfer actual costs to other objects in the SAP system
Analyze planned costs and actual costs
There are two types of general cost objects:
General cost object with cumulative time base
A cumulative time base means that costs are tracked for the entire undertaking. The target/actual comparison compares the planned costs of the entire project to the actual costs incurred to date.
A cumulative time base is normally used for intangible goods that are only produced once or that have a very short life span.
The planning instrument for cost planning for a general cost object with a cumulative time base is unit costing.
General cost object with a periodic time base
A periodic time base means that the actual costs for the period are compared to the planned costs for the period.
A periodic time base is normally used for intangible goods that are produced over an extended length of time.
The planning instrument for a general cost object with a periodic time base is the planner profile.
You use the cost object category to specify whether you want to use a general cost object with a cumulative time base or periodic time base. You create a master record in the SAP System for each general cost object.
The master record contains the following information:
Short text
Long text
Object currency
Name of person responsible
Administrative information
Control parameters for the calculation of overhead
Deletion flag
The master record assigns the general cost object to a cost object category. The cost object category determines various parameters including:
Whether the general cost object is settled by period or cumulatively
Which functions are active for the general cost object
Note
The fields
Costing sheet
and
Overhead key
are only displayed in the cost object master record if the
Overhead
indicator is set in the relevant cost object category. Only then can you apply overhead to the cost object.
The master record assigns the general cost object to the following organizational units of the SAP system:
Controlling area
Company code
Business area (if applicable)
Plant (if applicable)
Profit center (if applicable)