Read the following sections:
Basic Information on Cost Object Hierarchies
Examples for Cost Object Hierarchies
Settlement Rules for Cost Object Hierarchies
You specify the following parameters in Customizing for
Product Cost Controlling
under
:
Whether distribution is active
Whether overhead allocation is allowed
Whether variances are calculated at the level of the cost object hierarchy
Whether variance calculation and settlement is made for all orders (product cost collectors or manufacturing orders) for a material through the cost object hierarchy, or whether individual orders can be processed separately.
Caution
If you update quantities and values separately in
Materials Management
(MM), make sure that all quantity movements are valuated before you run the period-end closing transactions.
See also: Separation of Value Calculation from Goods Movements: Effects on Cost Object Controlling
You can use the
Schedule Manager
in the period-end closing process of
Product Cost by Period
. The Schedule Manager simplifies the period-end closing process. In
Product Cost by Period
, you can use the
multilevel worklist
of the
Schedule Manager
. The multilevel worklist can significantly improve performance and facilitate error correction.
Multilevel worklists enable you to do such things as:
Display the objects in a processing step sequence that have errors
Note
Each function in the period-end closing process is regarded as a separate processing step. A group of processing steps that are performed one after the other is called a
processing step sequence
.
Eliminate the cause of the error, or set a processing status that instructs the system to skip that particular processing step
Instruct the system to perform a particular processing step sequence again (once you have corrected the errors or set processing statuses that control how objects are further processed)
The system then only processes the objects that had errors and the objects whose processing was forced manually.
The following section contains information on using the
Schedule Manager
in connection with a multilevel worklist:
Starting Transactions/Reports Online, Scheduling Jobs and Job Chains, Worklist
The following functions are available in the period-end closing process for cost object hierarchies:
If you have activated distribution in Customizing under
Define Cost Object Categories for Cost Object Hierarchies
, you distribute the actual costs (Distribution of Cost Object Hierarchy Costs).
When you perform distribution, the system determine the equivalences between the assigned orders by calculating the target costs for each cost element (or for each cost element, origin, and period) using the cost estimate on which the target cost version is based and the quantity delivered to inventory during the period. Equivalences for actual cost distribution can be calculated on the basis of target cost versions 0, 1, or 3.
The system then distributes the actual costs to the assigned single objects on the basis of these equivalences. Actual costs that cannot be assigned to a cost element on the assigned single object are assigned to a cost element group selected through the target cost version.
The distributed actual costs are updated to the orders (such as product cost collectors) assigned to the cost object hierarchy. These costs are included in the period-end closing process of the assigned orders.
Once you have performed distribution, you perform the functions of the period-end closing process that follow distribution (such as WIP calculation, variance calculation, and settlement) with reference to the orders assigned to the cost object hierarchy. You can still perform these steps in the period-end closing process for the cost object hierarchy.
Overhead calculation
Once you have distributed the actual costs charged to the cost object nodes, you normally perform overhead calculation at the level of the single objects (such as product cost collectors) assigned to the cost object hierarchy. In this case you should not turn on the
Overhead
indicator in Customizing under
. This prevents entry of a costing sheet and an overhead key for the cost object nodes of the cost object hierarchy. After distribution, you calculate the overhead for the orders assigned to the lowest cost object nodes.
Work in process is calculated at the level of the orders (such as product cost collectors or manufacturing orders) assigned to the cost object hierarchy. In joint production, it is not possible to calculate WIP at target costs (see above). You can start WIP calculation through the cost object hierarchy. Work in process is calculated for all orders that are assigned to a cost object. In collective processing, you can calculate work in process for all orders in a plant, regardless of whether they are assigned to a cost object hierarchy.
You cannot calculate work in process for the cost object nodes themselves.
The calculation of WIP at target costs includes the quantities confirmed at the operations or reporting points. The actual costs distributed to the assigned orders are not included in WIP calculation.
If distribution is active, you calculate variances for the orders assigned to the cost object hierarchy. You must still start variance calculation by calculating the variances for the cost object hierarchy as a whole.
If you have distributed the actual costs, the amount to be settled is calculated with the following formula:
Amount to be settled = Charged actual costs of period – Credit posting for goods receipt – Work in process
The amount to be settled is therefore the actual cost less the work in process. If distribution is active, settlement takes place at the level of the assigned orders.
If you have activated distribution in Customizing under
Define Cost Object Categories for Cost Object Hierarchies
, you don’t need to specify a settlement profile for the cost object nodes of the cost object hierarchy because settlement is performed through the orders assigned to the cost object hierarchy. You can settle the orders assigned to the cost object hierarchy at the level of the cost object hierarchy.
You can see the data calculated by the period-end closing transactions in the Product Cost Controlling Information System .
In the
Product Cost Controlling Information System
you can choose between displaying the data entered on the cost object node (data entry object) and displaying the data summarized on a cost object node (summarization object). To display the summarized data, first execute a data collection run.
For more information, refer to the section Information System for Product Cost by Period and the sections following in the structure.
See also:
Period-End Closing for Product Cost Collectors
Period-End Closing for Cost Object Hierarchies Without Distribution