Variantenvorplanung (54)
Einsatzmöglichkeiten
This strategy is for planning components with medium variance . This strategy allows you to use planned independent requirements only to procure components, which are important for planning purposes.
Important components are either expensive or have long replenishment lead times. In the following example, only the frame of a bicycle is considered to be important . These components should be MRP-driven (MRP type of P* or M* on the MRP screen).
Unimportant components are either inexpensive or have a short replenishment lead time. In the following example, all other components of a bicycle are considered unimportant. These components should have an MRP type that is consumption based (
V*
on the MRP screen, for example). Components marked
consumption based planning
do not generate requirements at the
Planning
or
Production Before Sales Order stages
.
Planning of Important Components
This strategy allows for the planning of important components by:
Creating planning variants that represent configurations that are used to procure the components with long replenishment lead times.
During the sales order stage, the actual quantity sold is allocated to a planning variant that has the closest configuration. This process is referred to as a similarity check .
The characteristics that determine the similarity check must match the components, which are important for planning purposes. The remaining characteristics should influence only components which are unimportant for planning purposes, such as consumption-based components.
The challenge is to describe the products so that characteristics are connected to important components using the type matching function. With strategy 54, you must perform that task on your own; in strategy 56, Characteristics Planning w/ Dependent Req'ts (56) , this calculation is performed automatically.
You must have an estimate or forecast for each of the planning variants, for example, based on past data.
The following list describes the environment for strategy 54
Environment
Separate material master
Partial configuration
Limited number of variants
Simple to plan
Planned independent requirements
Creation of order proposals in MRP
Similarity check and consumption of planning environment
Prerequisites
You can define a characteristic as not relevant, optional, or required for planning. This is independent of the attributes maintained in characteristics maintenance functions.
Hinweis
The customer can select a PC in the casing variants desktop, tower, and laptop, with CPUs of the types 486 or Pentium. To manufacture the PC, you must know which casing to use. Casing is a required characteristic for configuration in sales orders. However, if the replenishment lead times for the casings are short, the casings are not relevant to planning.
The characteristic values assigned in sales orders are automatically checked so that they match the values assigned to planning variants. The following rules apply:
A characteristic that is not relevant to a planning variant is not used in type matching.
The value assigned to a required characteristic must be the same in the sales order and the planning variant.
A weighting must be assigned to optional characteristics, in case there are a number of planning variants with the same values for required characteristics, but different values for optional characteristics.
You can define characteristic values as relevant to planning, and characteristics. For example, a characteristic can be optional, but a value of the characteristic can be required. If you want to find a planning variant, the characteristic must have this value. You can define values as optional, and assign weightings to them.
If a number of planning variants with the same characteristic values as the sales order are found, the sales order consumes the planning variant with the highest weighting.
Hinweis
The class used to classify the PC has characteristics
CPU, Casing,
and
Country
(for delivery). Characteristic
Country
has the allowed values
USA
and
Germany
. The
Country
for delivery determines the voltage to be used and the language for the manual. Because it is easier to change the transformer and manual than to dismantle an assembled casing, characteristic
Casing
has a high priority (P = 10), but characteristic
Country
has a low priority (P = 3).
CPU
is a required characteristic, because no changes can be made to CPU boards.
The PC is planned using two planning variants, configured as follows:
Variant 1: CPU = Pentium, Casing = Desktop, Country = Germany
Variant 2: CPU = Pentium, Casing = Laptop, Country = USA
Planned independent requirements for these two variants are created. You want to consume the planned quantities of one of the following variants by a sales order with the following configuration:
CPU = Pentium, Casing = Desktop, Country = USA
Both planning variants have the same value assigned to the required characteristic CPU = Pentium. Each planning variant has only one optional characteristic value that matches the sales order, so the weightings are taken into account. The sum of the weightings for Variant 1 is P = 3, because the value for characteristic Country with the lower weighting does not match the sales order. The sum of the weightings for Variant 2 is P = 10, because the value for characteristic Casing with the higher weighting does not match the sales order. Since Variant 1 has less difference, the sales order consumes Variant 1 and not Variant 2.
You must maintain the following master data for strategy 54 :
Master Data |
Configurable Material |
Planning Variant(s) |
Strategy Group |
54 |
54 |
Consumption Parameters (Consumption Mode, Bwd Consumption, Fwd Consumption) |
Will be ignored |
To be maintained so that planned independent requirements can be found |
Item Category Group |
For example, 0002 |
(No SD screens necessary for the planning variants.) |