SAP Library - Components of SAP Communication Technology

Components of SAP Communication Technology

Technical Basis

Application Examples: Synchronous Communication

Application Examples: Asynchronous Communication

Application Examples: Communication with Non-ABAP Technologies

Classical SAP Technologies (ABAP)

RFC

RFC Programming in ABAP

RFC Performance Profile

RFC Trusted/Trusting Systems

RFC Restrictions

Technical Requirements

External Systems

SAP Systems

Code Pages

Calling RFC Function Modules in ABAP

Introduction

Parameter Handling in Remote Calls

Characteristics Using Unicode

Calling Remote Functions Locally

Calling Remote Functions Back

CALL FUNCTION - RFC (RFC Variants)

Synchronous RFC (CALL FUNCTION-DESTINATION)

Using Pre-Defined Exceptions for RFC

Using Transactional Remote Function Calls

CALL FUNCTION - IN BACKGROUND TASK

Transactional Integrity of tRFCs

The qRFC Communication Model

Using Asynchronous Remote Function Calls

Calling Requirements for Asynchronous RFCs

Receiving Results from an Asynchronous RFC

Keeping the Remote Context

Parallel Processing with Asynchronous RFC

CALL FUNCTION - STARTING NEW TASK

RECEIVE

WAIT UNTIL

RFC Example

Writing Remote Function Modules in ABAP

Steps for Implementing Remote Function Modules

Programming Tips

Debugging Remote Function Modules

Maintaining Remote Destinations

Displaying, Maintaining, and Testing Destinations

Entering Destination Parameters

Destination Types

Maintaining Group Destinations

Settings for Special Code Pages

Trusted System: Trust Relationships Between SAP Systems

Trusted/Trusting Relationships Between SAP Systems

Configuration of System Resources for aRFC, tRFC, qRFC

RFC Resources on the Application Server

Monitoring RFC Resources on the Application Server

Configuring the SAP System for Parallel RFCs

Dynamically Configuring RFC Quotas

rdisp/rfc_max_own_login

rdisp/rfc_min_wait_dia_wp

rdisp/rfc_max_own_used_wp

rdisp/rfc_max_comm_entries

rdisp/max_comm_entries

rdisp/max_arq

rdisp/rfc_max_wait_time

Calculating Resources for Asynchronous and Transactional RFC

Local Check

Detailed Check

Triggering the RFC Client Resource Check

Problems with RFC Resource Assignment

Limit Values for Resource Allocation for Asynchronous RFC

Checking Authorizations for RFC

The RFC API

Introduction to the RFC API

RFC with External Systems

Technical Requirements

Contents of the RFC SDK

Compiling and Linking RFC Programs

Programming with the RFC API

Technical Description

Supported Data and Transfer

Basic Functionality

Components of the RFC API

RFC Client Programs

Introduction to RFC Client Programs

Establishing an RFC Connection to R/2 Systems

Programming Example of Working With Local sideinfo

Programming Example of Working Without Local sidei

Programming Example of Working With saprfc.ini Fil

Establishing an RFC Connection to SAP Systems

Programming Example of Working With Local sideinfo file

Programming Example of Working Without Local sideinfo File

Programming Example of Working With saprfc.ini File

Load Balancing

Programming Examples

Remote Function Calls Using SAPGUI

RFC Using the ABAP Debugger

RFC Server Programs

Introduction to RFC Server Programs

Registering Server Programs with the SAP Gateway

Programming Examples

RFC Server Program Working With RfcDispatch

RFC Server Program Working With RfcDispatch and Rf

RFC Server Programs Sending/Receiving Internal Tab

Establishing an RFC Connection from an R/2 System

Establishing an RFC Connection from an SAP System

Passing Parameters

Writing an RFC Function in C

Using Multiple-Client Server Programs

Call-Back Feature with SAP and External Systems

Introduction

Call-Back from an ABAP Function Module

Call-Back from an RFC Server Program

Transactional RFCs and External Systems

Introduction

tRFC between SAP and External Systems

Transactional RFC Client Programs

Transactional RFC Server Programs

Function Interface: Summary

Administration

Calling and Accepting RFC Functions

RFC Calls for Manipulating Internal Tables

Transactional Remote Function Calls

Extended Remote Function Calls

Administration Function Reference

RFC Client Function Reference

RfcCall

RfcCallReceive

RfcReceive

RFC Server Function Reference

RfcWinInstallFunction

Table-Handling Function Reference

Transactional Function Reference

RfcCreateTransID

RfcIndirectCall

RfcInstallTransactionControl

Extended Function Reference

RfcInstallFunctionExt

Special Function Reference

RfcListen

RfcWaitForRequest

Structures and Enumerations

RFC_CONNOPT_CPIC

RFC_CONNOPT_R3ONLY

RFC_CONNOPT_VERSION_3

Platform-Specific Features of the RFC API

OS/2

Windows 3.x

Windows NT/95

SAP-Based UNIX Platforms

Sample Programs

Error Handling

Debugging

Error Handling in ABAP

Error Handling in RFC Server Programs

More Information in Error Cases

RFC and SAProuter

Introduction to SAProuter

RFC Client Program and SAProuter

Starting an RFC Server Program Via SAProuter

Using the Registering Feature

Program Start by Application Server

Program Start by SAP Gateway

Program Start by SAPGUI

RFC Between External Programs

Using A Local sideinfo File

Using the saprfc.ini File

Queued Remote Function Call (qRFC)

The qRFC Communication Model

qRFC with Outbound Queue

qRFC with Inbound Queue

qRFC Administration

qRFC Administration: Introductory Example

Specifying the Connection Type

Specifying the Host Name and Service Number

Logon/Security

SMQS: Registering a Destination

SMQR: Registering a Queue Name

SMQ1 and SMQ2

Executing a qRFC Example Program

Outbound Queue Administration

The QOUT Scheduler

Using the QOUT Scheduler

Registering a Destination

Deregistering a Destination

The Status of the QOUT Scheduler

Displaying all Registered/Deregistered Destinations

Menu Options in SMQS

Extension in the QOUT Scheduler (Transaction SMQS)

Transaction SMQE

When is a QOUT Scheduler Activated?

Restarting Blocked Queues

Configuring the Resources of the QOUT Scheduler

QOUT Scheduler Administration: Improving tRFC/qRFC Performance

Problems with "Crashing" and "Overloading"

Automatic Restart of Crashed qRFC LUWs

Exception Handling in qRFC

Queue Status in SMQ1 and Table ARFCRSTATE

qRFC: Modifying the Queue Status "Waiting for Update"

User Switch in the Inbound and Outbound Schedulers

LUW in Update Records in SM58/SMQ1

Setting RFC Bit Options in SM59

Inbound Queue Administration

The QIN Scheduler

Monitor for the QIN Scheduler (SMQR)

Queue Status in SMQ2 and Table ARFCRSTATE

Displaying the “Last Changed By” User in SMQR and SMQS

Authorization Check in the qRFC Monitors

Monitoring the Inbound Queue

Registering an Inbound Queue

Displaying all Registered and Deregistered Queues

Destinations NONE and SPACE

qRFC Programming

qRFC Programming: Introductory Example

qRFC with Outbound Queue

qRFC with Inbound Queue

Function Builder and ABAP Editor

Registering and Deregistering a Queue

Outbound Queue Programming

Different TIDs for Different Destinations in qRFC LUWs

Serialization Using the Queue Counter

Mixed Mode

Transferring Queue Names

Calling a Function Module in “Module in Background Task”

The User Context of a qRFC LUW

Saving LUWs in the Outbound Queue Without Processing

tRFC/qRFC in Dialog Task and Update Task

qRFC and the Use of the RFC Library

Inbound Queue Programming

Working with qRFC with Inbound Queue

Queue Name, Queue Identifier

Serialization

Handling of CPIC Errors

Registering a Queue

Deregistering a Queue

Displaying all Registered and Deregistered Queues

Resources

The “Re-Use” Feature of qRFC with Inbound Queue

qRFC API

qRFC API for the Outbound Queue

qRFC API for the Inbound Queue

bgRFC (Background RFC)

bgRFC Administration

Exceptions

Examples for Inbound and Outbound Processing

Locking a tRFC Unit

Locking a Queue

No-Send qRFC Units with Multiple Receiving Systems

Filling Multiple Units in Parallel

General Outbound Tables

Outbound qRFC

Outbound tRFC

No-Send qRFC

General Inbound Tables

Inbound qRFC

Inbound tRFC

Customizing Tables

Outbound Scenario for qRFC and tRFC

Saving New Units at COMMIT WORK Time

Executing Units

Confirmation of Units

Locking Units

Locking Destinations

Unit State Management

Throughput Optimization

Optimizing the Sending Systems

Optimizing the Destination

Dynamic Optimization

Outbound Scheduler

High Availability

Distribution and Processing of the Worklist

Troubleshooting

Errors During the Application LUW

Errors During Updates

Errors in the Outbound Scheduler (RFC Client)

Database Inconsistencies

Processing Problems

Communication Problems

Errors on the RFC Server

Scheduler Monitor

Database Inconsistencies and Errors

NOSEND Scenario

Inbound Scenario

Optimizing Throughput for the Inbound Scheduler

Mapping the Inbound Schedulers to Inbound Destinations

Optimization of the Inbound Schedulers

Dynamic Optimization

Inbound Scheduler

Serializing and Deserializing Function calls

Streamlining Classic qRFC

API Functions

NOSEND Scenarios (for Outbound Queues Only)

Mixing tRFC and qRFC

Destinations NONE and SPACE

Inbound Linking to the Update Task

Fixed Destination with API

bgRFC Monitoring

bgRFC Monitor: Transactions SBGRFCMON1 and SBGRFCMON2 (for qRFC

Customizing

Creating Inbound Destinations

Mapping Queue Prefixes to Inbound Destinations

Setting a qRFC Type in Transaction SM59

Creating a Supervisor Destination

System-Specific Settings (Outbound)

System-Specific Settings (Inbound)

Application Server-Specific Settings (Outbound)

Application Server-Specific Settings (Inbound)

Destination-Specific Settings (Outbound)

Destination-Specific Settings (Inbound)

Migration

Outbound Scenarios

Inbound Scenarios

NOSEND Scenarios (Mobile Client, etc.)

bgRFC Programming

bgRFC API

Function Module Call

Creating Destination Objects and Unit Objects

Manipulating a Background Unit

Using Queues to Lock and Unlock Units

Follow-Up Actions for Units with Errors

Determining the Unit ID

Processing no_send Units

Special Solution for Mobile Client

General Introduction to BAPIs (CA-BFA)

BAPI User Guide CA-BFA)

BAPI Programming Guide (CA-BFA)

Communication Between ABAP and Non-ABAP Technologies

SAP Business Connector

SAP JCo Architecture (Standalone Version)

SAP JCo Application Scenarios

SAP JCo Scenario: Java/ABAP Communication in the SAP Application

SAP JCo and the VM Container

Administration of Work Processes in the VM Container

In-Process and Out-of-Process Communication

Logging and Tracing for Using SAP JCo with VMC

Profile Parameters for Logging and Tracing

SAP JCo Scenario: SAP BC

SAP JCo Scenario: Online Invoice

SAP JCo Installation

SAP JCo Client Programming

Establishing a Connection to an SAP Server

Direct Connections

Open Connection

Calling a Function and Closing a Connection

Result of the Function Call

Example Program Connect1

Connection Pools

Creating a Connection Pool

Utility Class OrderedProperties

Acquiring and Releasing a Connection

Example Program Connect2

The SAP JCo Repository

Creating a Repository

Creating a JCO.Function Object

Executing a Function

Mapping of Java and ABAP Data Types

Type-Specific Getter Methods

Accessing Tables

Setting Scalar Import Parameters

Example Program Bapi1

Table Manipulation

Example Program Bapi2

The JCO.Field Class

Deactivating Parameters

Exception Handling

Synchronization

Debugging

SAP JCo Server Programming

Inbound RFC Connection (from the SAP System)

Java Program for Establishing a Server Connection

Server Connection to a Unicode Backend System

Exception Listener

Server State Change Listener

Processing an ABAP Call

Processing a tRFC Call

SAP Java Resource Adapter

SAP JRA for Client Applications

SAP JRA Architecture

SAP JRA Configuration

SAP JRA Development Guidelines

SAP JRA Configuration on the SAP J2EE Application Server

Client Programming Model

Transactions for the Client Programming Model

LocalTransaction

UserTransaction

User Managed Transaction

Security for the Client Programming Model

BasicPassword

Kerbv5 (SSO)

DefaultAuthentication

Application Managed Authentication

Secure Network Connection (SNC)

Handling Records

SAP .NET Connector

SAP .NET Connector Architecture

SAP .NET Connector Installation

Creating ASP .NET Web Applications Using the SAP .NET Connector

SAP .NET Client

SAP .NET Server

SAP .Net Connector Programmer’s Reference

Overview of Classes

SAP .Net Client Programming

SAP RFC Server Programming

Data Type Reference

Samples

Internet Communication Framework

Architecture

Server Architecture

Client Architecture

Classes and Interfaces for the Server Role

IF_HTTP_RESPONSE and IF_HTTP_REQUEST

Methods for IF_HTTP_RESPONSE and IF_HTTP_REQUEST

IF_HTTP_ENTITY

Attributes for IF_HTTP_ENTITY

IF_HTTP_EXTENSION

Attributes

Constants for Describing the Control Flow

Constants for Describing Lifetime Control

Methods

IF_HTTP_UTILITY

Methods for the Interface IF_HTTP_UTILITY

Classes and Interfaces for the Client Role

Interface IF_HTTP_CLIENT

Attributes

Constants

Methods

Administration: HTTP Communication Using the SAP System

Administration of Server Functions

Authorizations

Authorization Object S_ICF

Authorization Object S_ICF_ADM

Authorization Object S_ICFREC

Restricting Authorizations for Transaction SICF

Determining Authorizations in the Target System

Administration of Client Functions

Establishing a Connection Using a Destination (SM59)

Parallel Processing Requests

Configuring Proxies

Troubleshooting and Monitoring

Troubleshooting: Procedure

External Debugging

External Debugging under Load Distribution

Displaying and Processing Entries

Authorization Object S_ICFREC

Maintaining the ICF Profile Parameters

Logging Error Information

Performance Measurements

Error Handling Using Central Monitoring Functions

Statistical Data for RFC and ICF

Development

Server-Side Development

The HTTP Request Handler

Developing a HTTP Request Handler

Creating a HTTP Request Handler

Accessing Header Fields

List of the Pseudo Header Fields

Accessing Form Fields

Accessing Cookies

Accessing HTTP Body Data

Accessing HTTP Multipart Data

Stateless/Stateful Communication

Terminating a Session

Code Page in ICF

Compression Techniques

Creating and Configuring an ICF Service

Creating a Service

Defining the Logon Procedure

Logon Checks: Overview

Standard Logon Order

Alternative Logon Order

Logon Using Service Data

Logon with Client Certificate

Logon Using Basic Authentication.

Determining the Client

Determining the Logon Language

Defining Service Data

HTTP Load Distribution

Security Requirements

Setting Up Error Pages

Format and Parameters of the Error Document

Inserting an HTTP Request Handler

Activating and Deactivating ICF Services

Creating Virtual Hosts

Virtual Hosts: Application Example

Internal Aliases

External Aliases

Testing an HTTP Request Handler

Transporting ICF Services

Client-Side Developments

Example Program: Executing an HTTP Request

Parallel Requests

Redirecting Requests

SOAP Framework

Web Service Technologies in the Application Server

Example: SOAP Message

Example: WSDL File