Specifying Data Nodes in Conditions 
Data nodes as dnode operands of preconditions, assertions, or conditions can be specified as follows:
If the name node – specified according to the addressing rules – has a letter or underscore as its first character and only letters, numbers, hyphens, or underscores in all other positions, it can be specified directly.
The special names $ref and $alias can also be specified directly.
All other names must be specified in the form ref('node'). This particularly applies to the specification of a data root using .root.