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Monitoring and Debugging 
After your program is running, use the SAP gateway monitor (transaction SMGW) to verify that your .NET program is registered. If the registration works properly, you can see on the logged on clients screen the PROGID and the host machine.
The SAP Gateway offers detailed tracing capabilities from within the SAP system. On your RFC server you can also enable tracing by setting the environment variable RFC_TRACE and CPIC_TRACE. The traces can be quite large so should only be used when there is a problem.
For TRFC servers you also have the TRFC monitor (SM58). For QRFC you have the SAP Queue monitor (transaction SMQ2) to monitor QRFC calls.
Just as the SAP client solution offers integrated Abap/4 debugging for .NET clients, you can set a breakpoint in your RFC server code, call the function from the SAP system and examine the values sent to you from the SAP system in debugging mode within Visual Studio .NET.