Aggregation and Disaggregation
Aggregation refers to the function whereby key figure values on detail level are automatically summed up at runtime and shown or planned on aggregated level. If, for example, you display the forecasted demand for a region in the interactive planning table, you see the forecasted demand that the system has summed up for the various distribution channels, product families, brands, and customers, for that particular region.
Disaggregation refers to the function that automatically provides the details of a key figure value from aggregrated level on detail level. If, for example, you forecast the demand for a particular region, the system breaks the value down immediately into the distribution channels, product families, brands, products, customers, and so on in this region.
Aggregation and disaggregation ensure a consistent planning approach throughout your organization. The sum of the values on detail level always equals the total on aggregated level. Key figure values are always saved on the lowest level of detail. If aggregates exist, the data is also saved on this aggregate level.
Aggregation and disaggregation of each key figure are defined by its calculation type and its time-based disaggregation type.
Calculation Types
Pro rata disaggregation works in two ways, depending on whether you are creating or changing key figure values:
If you create key figure values on aggregate level, the values are distributed on detail level in equal proportions.
If you change key figure values on aggregate level, the values on detail level change so that each one represents the same proportion of the aggregate value as before.
The key figure values are distributed to the detail level in the same proportions as those that can be derived from the values of another key figure. For example, you can apply the proportional distribution of the key figure "Baseline/statistical forecast" to the key figure "Manual adjustment". Note, however, that if no values exist for the key figure "Baseline/statistical forecast", equal distribution occurs.
If you choose the calculation type P, you must also specify in the Disaggregation Key Figure
field, which key figure disaggregation is based on.
Note
We recommend that you use the calculation type P together with the disaggregation type K.
At runtime, the average of the key figure values on detail level is shown as the result on aggregate level. You use this calculation type for key figures that represent percentages (for example, the percentage difference between this year's and last year's forecast) or sales prices (for example, sales price per unit). When you enter a value on aggregate level, the system disaggregates the value according to pro rata disaggregation.
Aggregation with calculation type A:

The aggregation of this calculation type is basically the same as the aggregation of calculation type A, but in this case does not consider the initial detail values. If you enter a value on aggregate level, the system disaggregates it by copying the value to each detail on detail level.
The following graphic shows aggregation with calculation type E:

As opposed to calculation type A, the system uses the values on the lowest detail level to calculate the average. This can result in different numerical values in comparison to calculation type A.
Disaggregation of calculation type D is exactly the same as that of calculation type A.
The following graphic shows aggregation with calculation type D:

Since the calculation types A, D, and E, used for averages, are generally used for descriptive purposes, for example, the price per unit, you use them mainly in conjunction with the time-based aggregation type N (see below).
The aggregation of this calculation type is basically the same as the aggregation of calculation type D, but in this case does not consider the initial detail values.
When you enter a value on aggregate level, the system disaggregates the value according to pro rata disaggregation.
The following graphic shows aggregation with calculation type F:
As disaggregation for this calculation type costs performance, use this calculation type for key figures that do not have to be disaggregated (for example, text rows and help rows).
Note
In general, key figure values are stored on the lowest level of detail only. If you want to save the values for a key figure with calculation type N on aggregated level, you must define aggregates for this level.
If you create key figure values on aggregate level, the values are distributed on detail level in the same proportions as those that can be derived from the values of another key figure. For example, you can apply the proportional distribution of the key figure "Baseline/statistical forecast" to the key figure "Manual adjustment". If there is no value for the basis key figure, the values are disaggregated evenly.
If you change key figure values on aggregate level, the values on detail level change so that each one represents the same proportion of the aggregate value as before.
If you choose the calculation type I, you must also specify in the Disaggregation Key Figure
field which key figure the disaggregation is to be based on when the value is initial.
Note
We recommend that you use the calculation type I together with the time-based disaggregation type I.
The time-based disaggregation type defines how planning data is disaggregated in time. The time buckets in which data is saved are given by the storage buckets profile. For example, if you select months and weeks in the storage buckets profile, data for June and July is saved in the following storage buckets:
Date |
Days |
Storage bucket |
1 - 4 June |
Thursday through Sunday |
4 days |
5 - 11 June |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
12 - 18 June |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
19 - 25 June |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
26 - 30 June |
Monday through Friday |
5 days |
1 - 2 July |
Saturday and Sunday |
2 days |
3 - 9 July |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
10 - 16 July |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
17 - 23 July |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
24 - 30 July |
Monday through Sunday |
7 days |
31 July |
Monday |
1 day |
The available time-based disaggregation types are as follows:
The key figure values are distributed in the storage buckets in such a way that subsequently each value of a storage bucket shows the same percentage proportion for the time-based aggregated value as before.
If the key figure values prior to distribution were initial, and if a time stream ID forms part of the storage buckets profile definition, the system checks to see if time-based weighting factors exist for this time stream. If so, the data is distributed according to the time-based weighting factors of the time stream. If no factors exist, the data is distributed equally to each storage bucket.
Note
If you have selected the Zero Allowed
checkbox for a key figure, then a key figure with the value zero is not initial (see Differentiation of Initial Values and 0 Values).
This time-based disaggregation type is basically the same as the disaggregation type P. However, if a time bucket does not contain a value, the data is distributed based on another key figure.
Note
If you have selected the Zero Allowed
checkbox for a key figure, then a key figure with the value zero is not valid as initial (see Differentiation of Initial Values and 0 Values).
If you choose the time-based disaggregation type I, you must also specify in the Disaggregation Key Figure
field which key figure disaggregation is based on when a time bucket does not contain a value.
Note
Use the time-based disaggregation type I with the calculation type I.
Key figure values are distributed equally to each storage bucket.
This time-based disaggregation type is only available for key figures that you have defined as not fixed.
The value in the planning bucket is copied to each storage bucket, for example, a planning value of 100 for the month of June is copied to each of the storage buckets June 1-2, June 5-9, June 12-16, June 19-23, and June 26-30. If you show the planned value for June at runtime, the system outputs the average value of all storage buckets.
This time-based disaggregation type is only available for key figures that have been defined as not fixed.
The key figure values are distributed in the storage buckets in the same proportions as those that can be derived from the values of another key figure. For example, you can apply the proportional distribution of the key figure "Baseline/statistical forecast" in the corresponding storage bucket to the key figure "Manual adjustment". Note, however, that as with time-based disaggregation type P, if no values exist for the key figure "Baseline/statistical forecast", distribution based on the time-based weighting factor or an equal distribution is used.
Note
If you have selected the Zero Allowed
checkbox for the key figure "Baseline/statistical forecast", then a key figure with the value zero is not initial (see Differentiation of Initial Values and 0 Values).
If you choose the time-based disaggregation type K, you must also specify in the Disaggregation Key Figure
field, which key figure disaggregation is based on.
Note
Use the time-based disaggregation type K with the calculation type P.
This time-based disaggregation type is intended for time series in Supply Network Planning (SNP).

When you aggregate from shorter storage buckets to larger ones, for instance, from weeks to months, the system takes the value from the last period and copies it to the larger time buckets. In the reverse case, the value is written to all the smaller time buckets.
To define the calculation type and the time-based disaggregation type for a key figure, on then SAP Easy Access
screen, from Advanced Planning and Optimization choose Demand Planning Select the required planning area and, in the context menu, choose Change
. Make your settings in the Calculation Type
field and in the Time-Based Disaggregation
field. These settings apply to all planning books in which the key figure is used.