Viewing the Error Log with R/3 
Use
The error log is a central file in which all the important actions and error messages concerning the database are recorded. The database administrator should examine the log every day in order to detect any errors that might have occurred as early as possible.
For more information about error messages, see the SQL Server Books Online.
Procedure
All the available error logs are listed.
4. To display the contents of a particular log, click the button to the left of the entry and then click in the scroll bar.

A new error log is created each time SQL Server is started. SQL Server retains backups of the previous six error logs. If the log file name is E:\MSSQL7\LOG\ERRORLOG, the last 6 log files are archived under the following names:
E:\MSSQL7\LOG\ERRORLOG.1
E:\MSSQL7\LOG\ERRORLOG.2…
E:\MSSQL7\LOG\ERRORLOG.6
Each time the SQL is started, the archived oldest log files are overwritten and are lost, unless you save them first. If you have a serious problem, you should immediately save these files otherwise they will be lost.
See also:
Viewing the Error Log with the Enterprise Manager