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Index Analysis 
Indexes are essential for fast efficient access to the data of the database instance. At regular intervals, check whether the indexes in the database system or SAP system are missing or bad. This is particularly important after major actions, such as an upgrade.
There are two types of inconsistency:
· Indexes exist in the database instance, but are not defined in the ABAP Dictionary
· Indexes exist in ABAP Dictionary, but are not defined in the database instance
You have the following options for the index analysis:
· Database Alert Monitor: Bad Indexes or R/3 consistency displays.
· Display DB Filling/Tables and Indices.
Always recreate a missing index immediately, since it is very important for database system functions.
Indexes are used for special table scans and are important for performance.
You can use the database utility to recreate missing indexes (defined in the ABAP Dictionary, missing in the database instance).
See also:
Database – ABAP
Dictionary Consistency