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Procedure

You can use price calculation (see also Plan Price Calculation) for Cost Center Accounting and Activity-Based Costing.

To calculate prices:

  1. Choose:
    1. Accounting ® Controlling ® Cost Center Accounting or Activity-Based Costing and
    2. Planning ® Allocations ® Price calculation
  2. Choose either
    1. Cost center group/business process group (To ensure correct results, the group must consist of a closed activity network)
    2. All cost centers/all business processes
    3. No cost center/business process
  3. Enter the following parameters:
    1. Version
    2. Periods
    3. Fiscal year

    Note

    Iterative prices cannot be calculated for special periods, since no plan values exist for these periods.

  4. Maintain the following processing parameters:
    1. Background

      2. You can carry out price calculation either online or in the background.

      Online calculation should be used only when you do not expect excessively long run times, such as due to large activity networks.

      If you set up complex activity networks you should always use background processing. By starting a background job during times of low system use, you avoid processing bottlenecks during peak times.

      To plan background processing, check off the appropriate indicator in the Price Calculation initial screen and enter a job name in the subsequent dialog box.

    2. Test run

      3. If you do not want to update immediately, you should select Test run. The SAP System does calculate the price, but it does not post any data. It only generates the detail list.

    3. Detail lists

      4. If you want to check your results, you should select Test run together with Detail lists. The detail lists shows the prices calculated by the system for each cost center / activity type combination. You can make the posting later from the list.

      To post the price calculation from the list display, choose Price calculation ® Post.

      Alternatively, in the Price Calculation initial screen, choose Price calculation ® Execute. Deselect Test run to allow updating of the results.

    4. With predistribution of fixed costs

If you are using marginal costing, yet still wish to work with allocation rates based on full costs, you should select With predistribution of fixed costs The SAP system predistributes the fixed costs during the plan price calculation (see also: Structure link Predistributing Fixed Costs).

Note

Ensure that your planning is reconciled by checking that the scheduled activity quantity is not greater than the planned activity quantity for the sender cost center. If this is the case, the SAP System displays the error and does not update the values (see Plan Reconciliation)

Result

The detail list contains the following information:

Choose Edit ® Format in the list display to change the display format of the prices to suit your own requirements.

The Currency function enables you to determine in which currency (object currency or controlling area currency) your prices should be displayed.

Note

If you want to display and post your prices in both controlling area currency and object currency, you must select All currencies when you maintain the control data for your controlling area.

You can select from the following display options by choosing Values for your prices:

If you use manually set prices as well as iteratively calculated prices, choose Price to display the following prices:

This is the allocation price, whereas the fully iterative price can only be determined for control purposes.

To calculate fully iterative activity prices, you must activate the appropriate checkbox in your version. Activate activity price By calculating fully iterative activity prices as well as those which also consider manually-set prices, you can see the effect of the manual-set prices on your complete price calculation. Purely iterative prices can be calculated and displayed, but they cannot be used for allocations.

You can select from the following values when displaying the Price unit:

The price unit indicates how many units of measure the price for the activity type refers to. The SAP System optimizes the price unit to minimize rounding differences. The optimized value of the prices with the price units are then posted.

The system displays the prices by period in the detail lists. Choose Previous period and Next period to scroll between periods. Choose Select to display the period values of the selected list rows.

The following additional functions are available in the detail list:

This function enables you to switch between a display of individual period values for all activity types and cost centers and a complete display of all periods for one specified activity type and cost center.

You get a list of all errors and warnings with corresponding explanations, as well as notes on how to correct the errors.

This provides you with an overview of the amount of master data processed, as well as links, table entries and iteration steps.

This function identifies and displays the part of the activity network from which the selected cost center is receiving an activity. When you select a list line, the system displays the corresponding activity types, the activity input quantity for the cost center, the overall price, the fixed price, and the price unit.

You can maintain control parameters defaulted by SAP for the process flow for price calculation. You can set the following parameters:

This controls the generation of the program for iterative price calculation.

Before you can calculate prices, the SAP System generates the report required for running the program. The system generates the number of entries in the relevant internal tables, as well as in the parallel-processed field groups.

This improves system storage requirements and run times.

Note

As the generation itself also takes time, this indicator should be activated only for large-scale processing.

The system sets the appropriate number of entries in the internal tables when you select Generation.

The system sets the appropriate number of entries in the internal tables when you select Generation.

The system sets the appropriate number of entries in the internal tables when you select Generation.

To increase the accuracy of the results, the SAP System optimizes the price unit during price calculation. The price refers not to unit 1, but to the units 10, 100, 1000 or 10000. If the price per unit is already relatively high, but you still want to use the price unit to increase the accuracy of your prices, this leads to still higher values for your prices. You can limit this by specifying the significant digits. Places will be shifted only until this number of significant digits has been reached

Example

If the price per unit is exactly 1033.33333333, with six significant digits the price unit remains 1 and the price would be %1033.33. With 12 significant digits and a price unit of 10,000 the price is $10,333,33.3333.

Deactivates the optimization of price units as explained above. If this indicator is selected, the price unit always has the value 1.

When you call up price calculation, the activity type planning should be reconciled. This means that the planned activity of the activity type should correspond to the scheduled activity quantity of the receiver. Only then can you determine meaningful prices. Therefore, price calculation checks all activity types for matching values and generates warnings or error messages if necessary.

However, minor deviations can occur due to rounding differences in planning, in particular when distributing plan values to individual periods.

Enter the allowable percentage difference (+ and -) between plan and scheduled activity.

Activate this indicator if the results of price calculation should be posted even if they contain errors.

Exceptions are serious system errors resulting in a software crash and errors occurring during posting preparation (problems with integration or document number assignment).

Usually, results are not posted when there is an error in price calculation. You can carry out the update online at a later time using the result list. This does not apply to background processing. For background processing, activate Post anyway so that prices will be posted automatically even if errors occur.

You can display the results of price calculation in the price report (see Structure link Price Report).

 

 

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