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Definition

Object that defines:

      Which quantity of products are required or produced, when, and where

      Which steps may be required for this and which resources are used

In the SAP Advanced Planner and Optimizer (SAP APO), the following objects are modeled as orders, for example:

      Sales orders

      Planned independent requirements

      Planned orders

      Production orders

      Project orders

      Maintenance orders

      Purchase requisitions

      Stock transport requisitions

      Stock transfer reservations

      Reservations

      Scheduling agreements

      Stock

Use

Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling (PP/DS) plans based on the following orders:

      Sales orders and stocks

Sales orders and stocks are transferred from an OLTP system to SAP APO. You cannot change these objects in SAP APO.

      APO orders

In the planning system SAP APO, depending on the procurement type, the following orders can be created and changed both automatically and manually:

       Purchase requisitions (external procurement from an external supplier)

       Stock transport requisitions (external procurement from an internal supplier)

       Stock transfer reservations (external procurement from an internal supplier)

       Planned orders (procurement type in-house production)

The system creates planned orders by exploding a plan (production process model plan, iPPE access object, R/3 runtime object).

The APO orders are transferred to SAP R/3 for conversion into manufacturing orders and purchase orders, and for order processing. This can occur asynchronously, that is, specifically only after the planning is complete and conversion is to take place in SAP R/3.

      Manufacturing orders, purchase orders, reservations, project orders, maintenance orders and inspection lots

These orders are transferred from the OLTP system to SAP APO. You can change manufacturing orders and project orders in the SAP APO System. You can only change purchase orders, reservations, maintenance orders and inspection lots in SAP R/3. Order changes are transferred from SAP APO to the OLTP system or in the opposite direction.

For more information, see Integration of Transaction Data.

The orders are stored in SAP liveCache where they are classified according to order category. Possible order categories are in-house production, external procurement, unrestricted-use stock ,and sales order with consumption. The order category (in SAP liveCache) has, for example, a control function for displaying orders in the DS planning board: Orders with different order categories can be displayed in different ways.

Structure

An order may consist of the following elements:

Order element

Description

Receipt element

A receipt element represents the quantity, configuration, and availability date/time of a product that is made available by the order. An order can have several receipt elements.  For example:

·         For manufacture of co-products, there is a receipt element for each product produced (output product) for an in-house production order

·         For a purchase order or a scheduling agreement, there is a receipt element for each schedule line

Requirements element

A requirements element represents the quantity, configuration, and requirements date/time of a product that the order requires or transfers. An order can have several requirements elements.  For example:

·         For an in-house production order that requires several components (input products) to produce a product, there is a requirements element (dependent requirement) for each component

·         For a sales order, there is a requirements element for each schedule line

Activities

Process steps, which are required for processing the input products and providing the output products.

The activities are executed at resources. The input and output products and the related requirements elements and receipt elements are assigned to the activities of the order.

An order does not usually include all elements. A sales order, for example, consists only of requirements elements; it has no activities and no receipt elements. A purchase order to an external supplier can consist of receipt elements and activities for goods receipt handling. A planned order for in-house production generally contains all elements (receipt elements for the output products, requirements elements for the components and activities for production of the output products using the components). For more information on the graphical order display and elements for various order categories, see Order Symbol.

 

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